Ko naamnal sabu e dumunna ɓennuɗo oo fof Jaagordu laamu halfinaandu faggudu e geɗe jeñcinooje ina ummanii jeeyngal wonde « ko fay arde alaa leydi njeñcinoori keborndi woppeede remaaka » tawde noon e miijo makko heege e yowitaare men to bannge nguura inan dooni yahaa e nder Moritani. O diwii ɗoon ni so wiide Dar el Barkanaaɓe too yillinoo e yontere ɓennunde nde « nanndiral ngal laamu waɗdunoo e AAAID (Sosiyetee jom jawɗeele en aarabeeɓe ) firtiima », ko ngaal nanndiral noon jibinnoo fitina hakkunde laamu e ɓesnguuli daar el barka e ciiri mum kala, sabu e miijo maɓɓe laamu yiɗi ko loppitde leyɗeele maɓɓe waalo ɗeɓe ndemannoo hitaande kala ina totta ɗum arani en tawi ɓe ɓamdaaka ; Kono ko cikkuɗen woni kesum e nder haala makko ko wiide « alaa ko hebori waɗeede e nder leyɗeele nokkuuji mon tawa wonaa e nanndiral hakkunde ɗeeɗoo ceŋɗe tati : onon jom leyɗeele en, laamu e jom jawɗeele yiɗɓe liggaade leydi ndi », o jokki e wiide « waawnere haŋkati alaa, laamu heblanaaki wiide kala nde ummanii feewnude nokku maa darna caggal gollotooɓe polis e sanndarmori ».
Kaaɗoo haala ko kesa wonande laamu nguu sabu e duuɓi ɓennuɗi ɗii, teeŋti noon e maayirɗe 90 feewde jooni, ko leeɓte tan ngonnoo balle laamu : so eɗen ciftora, wuro Neere Waalo e falnde Kayhayɗi, haa fittaandu heddii heen ; Njorol e Ngurjaan to falnde Ɓoggee; Daar el Barka e hoore mum, e hitaande 2017, jiidaani e Feeralla, falnde Mbaañ e hitaande 2020. Tawi noon mi limtaani Qabra e Tamseket, Barkewol e diwaan Asaaba e duuɓi jawtuɗi ɗii… Sariya laamu wonnoo tan ko loppitde leydi e juuɗe remooɓe, weeɗa ɗum arani en, maa wonii ko ummiiɓe nokkuuji goɗɗi e nder leydi hee, walla ummoriiɓe caggal leydi, tawi kañum en fof ko jom jawdi en, jom leydi en, tawi ko waali wuro en ine njooɗii ina « tammoo ɗe loraani », so ndaɗii e fiyeede walla dummbeede e kasooji. Woni ko teskoto-ɗen tan ko dawruɗi ɗi laamuuji ndaɗɗunoo gila nde keɓ-ɗen jeytaare men kañum en fof ko galluɗi, sabu jaagorgal laamu kalfinaangal faggudu e ceŋɗe jeñtinooje heɓtinii ɗum kañum e hoore mum, sabu o limtii ko ina tolnoo e 540 miliyaar uggiya ɓooyɗo oo balle ummoraade e wallidiiɓe men caggal leydi waɗaama e ndema, jiidaani e ko laamu taƴanta ɗum e ɓeto kaalis hitaande kala, kono ɗum fof wayi ko no saaynude peñ suukara e maayo geeƴ nii.
Kono ko foti wonde ngoƴa men ko kuccam jooni ɗam wonande ndema, holi sariya jeyi leydi tammbii ɗum, sabu haa hannde, e ko kumpiti-ɗen, ko sariya 83 127 mo suwee 1983 tawo woodii, mo heewɓe njooɗtorii walla kam cikki, ko kañum addi jiiɓru e nder leydi hee. Eɗen teskoo noon, sariya tuugiiɗo e jeyi leydi ƴaaŋii daawe keewɗe :
– Jeyi leydi gaadanteejo pawiiɗo e finaa-tawaa leƴƴi leydi ndii. To bannge safalɓe, o fawii ko e leƴƴi (tirbiiji e galleeji) : gadiiɗo e nokku fof innittoo ko kam jeyi nokku oo. Nde tawnoo kadi ko ɓe aynaaɓe eggiyankooɓe eɓe njuuroo e nokkuuji keewɗi, etee ɓurɗo heen doole fof farlina jeyi e oon nokku e dow heddiiɓe ɓee. To bannge leƴƴi ɓaleeɓe too (afiriknaaɓe), toon jeyi ƴetti ko mbaadi laamuuji jolnooɗi e Fuuta : laamu satigeeɓe e laamu almameeɓe. To bannge satigeeɓe, ko won galleeji mawɗi pawi juuɗe mum en e leydi waalo, nde wonde tippudi jeñgol leydi fawii ko e njiyaagu, eɓe njogii juuɗe yeñtinooje leydi tawi ko lawakooɓe ɓee naftortoo. Ɗum firtaani ndiin tippudi wonnoo tan ko to leƴƴi afiriknaaɓe ɓee, kono ko hono ngaal jotondiral wonnoo hakkunde safalɓe woɗeeɓe e ɓaleeɓe ɓee. Ko saanga laamu almameeɓe mbaadi jeyi leydi waylii seeɗa, sabu ko e oon sahaa yoga e leyɗeele gonnooɗe e juuɗe satigeeɓe teettaa (salinooɓe naatde e diine) tottaa wallitnooɓe compugol diine e nder Fuuta, ko lollirnoo « Feccere Fuuta », woni jeyi leydi ɓoorniima wutte keso tuugiiɗo e diine kono ittaani haa hannde ko jeyi ngenndi gaadanteejo oo ɓuri teeŋtude e nder renndo hee.
– Jeyi leydi laawɗinaaɗo mo tiimaandi koloñaal farlini e men. Anniya tiimaandi leydi Farayse ko, tawde wonii jiimii leyɗeele men ɗee, ko yo lelnu sariyaaji parlotooɗi e men tawi faandaare mum ko mumtude jeyi gaadanteejo oo, haɗta jeyi tuugiiɗo e leƴƴi maa galleeji. Sariya mo ɓe ngadii lelnude ko e hitaande 1856 e gardagol Federba sabu mum wonnoode Guwernoor Afirik bannge hirnaange jeyaaɗo e tiimaandi Farayse (AOF). Ɗiin sariyaaji tuugii ko e piɓle tati mawɗe : « woodi tan hankati ko jeyi teelɗuɗo » ngam falaade jeyi gaadanteejo oo (tuugiiɗo e leƴƴi maa galleeji), « kala jiɗɗo heɓtinaneede jeyi mum, yo huccu e laamu (Farayse) rokka ɗum yamiroore » walla « kala leydi tawaandi ko mehri, ndi alaa joom mum ko jeyi dowla (paamon ɗoon ko dowla Farayse) sabu ɓe laawɗiniiɗo ko adii « denndaangal leyɗeele keɓanooɗe e sahaa nde Senegaal tiimetee (Moritani noon jeyanoo ko e oon dowla) ko e jeyal Farayse ».
– Sariya mo toŋ 83 127 ƴettaaɗo ñalnde 5 suwee 1983. Ko oon sariya woni gadano ƴettaaɗo caggal jeytaare men, o lomtii ko sariya toŋ 60 139 ƴettaaɗo ñalnde 2 ut 1960, lebbi seeɗa ko adii nde ɓooroto-ɗen njiimaandi Farayse. Oon sariya alaa ko waylunoo tigi rigi e sariyaaji koloñaal en. Sariya mo 1983 ari ko e sahaaji jiiɓru mawndu to bannge faggudu e renndo : yooro duumiingo ngoo jibinii faayre mawnde to bannge nguura, uujo mawngo ummaade nokkuuji dowri feewde e cahe mawɗe, murtooji remooɓe won e nokkuuji ko wayi no fuɗnaange leydi ndii, fuɗnaange worgo mayri maa nokkuuji gonɗi hakkunde leydi ndii. Yaakaare fawanoonde e gese maaro companooɗe daande maayo e ballal SONADER ñawndaani caɗeele nguura, ngam kadi yiɗde naftoraade tuugnorɗe OMVS to bannge diƴƴe e ndema ina jeyaa ko saabii lelnugol ooɗoo sariya, kono ko ɓuri teeŋtude heen ko ko ñamlirooɓe kaalisaaji caggal leydi kolliri ko ndokkataa kaalisaaji mum en ɗo sariya jeyi leydi laaɓtanaani ɗum en (yeru Baŋke Munnjaal). Ko ɗee geɗe ɗe limtu-ɗen caabi sariya oo fawaa ko e calɗi nay (4) mawɗi :
– ko adii fof e nder kuulal gadanal wiyaa ko « yo annde jeyi leydi, ko ngenndi (dowla), kala Moritaninaajo, ko aldaa e paltoor, ina rokkaa hakke jeyde heen lowre ».
– sariya oo wiyi kadi « kala hakke e jeyi leydi mo jotondiraani e neɗɗo e jaati, walla dental maa fedde rokkaande hakke aadee, hiisetee ko woodaani ». Faanditaa ɗoo ko firtude jeyi tuugiiɗo e leƴƴi, maa tirbiiji walla asko so tawii kay ɗum ina aaɓnoo, sabu ina anndaa ngooroondi dowla oo ko e ɗuum tuugii.
– kala mbaadi « kasgol leydi ndi tuugaaki e sariya diine lislaam, koko harminaa. Alaa waawɓe fiɓondirde e ɗuum ko ina luulndoo sariya ndenndaandi », firti ko ngalɗoo kuulal ina firta tippudi ɗo jeyi leydi gaadanteejo fawinoo (jaanduuji ina naftoroo warñeende remooɓe ɓe njeyaani leydi : yeru asakal, njoldi, rem peccen…)
– « boyli e foorasuuji gonɗi caggal galleeji jeyi keeriiɗo, kiisetee ko kuutorgal ndenndaandi ».
Ina fotnoo noon, ko adii nde oo sariya siynetee, tawa leyɗeele fof mbinnditaama, anndaama gooto fof ko jeyi, anndaama jeyi laamu ɗo haaɗi, e kala ko woni jeyi ndenndaandi. Kono sabu yooro saɗtungo e ŋakkeende nguura huuftidinnde e nder leydi e hitaande 1984, ŋakkugol humpito, ardiiɓe leydi ndii e oon sahaa ƴettii feere : « kala ɗo leydi mbaawndi remeede woni, hoto to woppe sooya » e dow sarɗi wonde ɗeen dokke leydi ngonaa panduɗe ko « jamirooje e mudda baawɗe yedditeede e kala sahaa », ɗuum wonani ardiiɓe diwanuuji ɗii « cordugel » no ciyniri ko mbelaa e leyɗeele daande maayo ɗee. E ko ɓuri teeŋtude, leyɗeele ɗee ɓuri rokkeede ko julaaɓe, jom jawɗeele en, liggotooɓe e laamu, ko heewi e maɓɓe keɓiri ko banndiraagal e leñamleñaagu, walla njeenaari, kono ɗuum fof waylaani mbaadi ndema e nder leydi hee, heege inan doonii, jaraa ɗum ɓeydi nii ko taƴ-enɗamaagu e yerɓinde ngootaagu leƴƴi ngenndi ndii.
Ɗum noon ina waawi maataw jooɗtoreede wonde laamu nguu, e fawaade e koŋngol jaagordu nduu yiɗi ko reftinde geɗe ɗee laawol, tawde wonii kadi ɗii duuɓi kala, haala memtagol sariya jeyi leydi ina haalee. Ko waawi heen wonde fof, golle ɗe laamu nguu wiyi ina ummanoo ɗee, winnditaade jeyuuji kala jowitiiɗi e leydi, yeewtida e joomum en, waɗda ɗum en e jom ngaluuji en haralleeɓe e tawtoragol dowla, ko huunde moƴƴere tawde aldaa e waawnere e ndoolndoolaagu. Ko ɗum tan yiyletenoo (hare nde meer Daar el barka hono Tijjaani Kan daraninoo (yo Alla yurmo mo yaafoo mo) ina roŋkaa, wiyooɓe noon ina nangtoo e « leydi ko minen njeyi, min ndoni ɗum ko e taaniraaɓe amen…. » tawi alaa ko njoganii ɗum to bannge jawdi e karallaagal poti ko iwde e ɗuum. Tawde on njaɓanaama won ko njey-ɗon, on njaɓanaama nii ceeɗtagol hoɗdiiɓe mon, jogagol kaayitaaji farlaaka e mon, etee ko waawi heen wonde fof ko on haaldeteeɓe, ko fartaŋŋe mo pot-ɗon heɓɓaade, ndarano-ɗon sariya jeyi jaakoraaɗo ina foti memteede mbele nafoore mon ina teskee heen.
Maamuudu Haaruuna Joop
