Winndaande ndee…
Haala paatuka e geɗe pinal nder leydi men ine hollita pinal ɓesngu men e pellital mum haɓaade baɗte njiimaandi fof sabu emperiyaalisma ittude neɗɗaagu jiimaaɓe, e lawakaagu majjinde yimɓe mum.
Waɗi noon, he yonta njiimaandi (koloñaal), pinal ngenndi ndii (galɗugal no feewi sabu keewal eddaaji mum) ko ko yeebanoo, yaɓɓanoo. Nii woni jiimooɓe jaggirnoo jaambareeɓe men ko « banndiiji », gaaci men ko « gaadanteeji », paarnorɗi men pinal ko « laddiyankooji ». Ɓe mbiyi addi ɓe ko « findinde leƴƴi men ganndiraaɗi laddankooji ». Yanti heen kadi yoga e yimɓe men (yiɗnooɓe no feewi rimɗude) nguurnoo ko he niɓɓere njiimaandi-lawakaagu.
Ine moƴƴi ciftinen wonde, ko ɓuri heewde, politik leydi njiimnoondi ndii yahatnoo ko e waawnude ɗemngal Farayse no ɗemngal jokkondiral nii, e no ɗemngal pinal nii. Tee, ɓurnoo newnude oon politik to Worgo leydi ndii ko waasde jogaade aada binndol. Kono to Rewo leydi ndii, ko alaa e sago koloñaal waɗdiri e Emiir en e hoohooɓe diine maslahaa, jaɓi naatnude jaŋde arab sara jaŋde farayseere heedtinaande dow : ɗuum addi « madarsaaji » oon sahaa. Nii woni, nde leydi men jeytii ndee, ndi roni jalluɗi ɗemɗiɗaagu laawɗinaangu he mooɓondiral Ayyuun.
Ɗum fof e waade noon, yonta oo naattiino goongɗinde woni pinɗo tan ko kumpitiiɗo geɗe tuubaako (hono jiimoowo), gaddanoowo ɗum pinal. Ɓurnoo huccaneede ko « dokkitgol Muritaninaajo neɗɗaagu mum », walla mbiyen wonanoo ko he njiylawu neɗɗaagu mum pinal keeringu.
Ndee jojjannde jeyaa ko e hare huɓtodinnde ngam yaajeende e ƴellitaare renndo, hare luulndiinde ŋakkeende ƴellitaare, e baasal e majjere. Ngal gollal noon ine hatojini e jeyegol denndaangal doole guurɗe he darnde mahngo ngenndi ndii. Huunde ɗaɓɓunde keblugol yimɓe, sibu neɗɗo ko geɗal jojjungal he ɓamtaare faggudu e renndo e pinal.
Parti oo faamii no feewi ngal geɗal kimmungal, seede mum ko kawraaɗe ƴettaaɗe he mooɓondire keewɗe, baɗooje pinal he geɗe gardinaaɗe.
Yeru, he ciimtol Goomu kuccam kuuɓtodinɗam Mooɓonndiral 4ɓal, eɗen mbaawi tarde : « Ko pinal mahata miijanteendi renndo. A ngal toɗɗii neɗɗo he banngeeji mum kala, ko kanngal ɗowata miijooji mum e golle mum fof. Ko ɗuum waɗi, ngam waylude Neɗɗo, alaa e sago o ñiɓoo e paarnorɗi makko pinal goonga-goonga, o yahdina heblo makko e jaŋde makko e paandaale politik ɗe o jogii ɗee. Ciimtol ngol jokki : ko ɗuum tagi alaa ko haawnii he ko mooɓondiral 4ɓal ngal wiyi wonde ɓesngu men waawata ƴellitaade he fannuuji ɗii fof ko nde heɓi jeytaare mum to bannge pinal. »
Hono no njiyraten ɗum nii he nder ɗee pellitte ɗe njejjitaake, joopaa ɗoo ko baylugol tippudi nehdi e jaŋde ndi jahdugol mum e ngonka leydi ndii fawii, ko ɓuri teeŋtude, e faayiida ɗemɗe men ndokkaa he nder jaŋde men. Ko oo gagga keeriiɗo wonoyta ngoƴa men.
Ko adii ɗuum, ine moƴƴi ciftinen wonde politik pinal parti oo, ine tonngaa nii he nder ciimtol Goomu ngu Mooɓondiral Ayyuun toɗɗinoo, ciimtol ngol Biro Politik Ngenndi jaɓnoo he hitaande 1967.
He Mooɓondiral Ayyuun, Parti oo waɗnoo laawol gorworol ko « ɗemɗiɗaagu potndiroowu arab e farayse seeɗa-seeɗa ». Ngal pellital ƴettaa ko hitaande caggal laawɗingol ɗemngal arab, pellital ngal huunde e dente ɓesngu men mbeltanooki. Hono no holliraa he ciimtol Goomu ngenndiiwu cukaagu nii (CNJ) kollitangol he mooɓondira 4ɓal ngal, ngol calagol aarabingol, ine faamroo wonde « kala nde haala arab walla aarabingol haalaa, won heen njiyrata ɗum nii ko no feere ustugol geɗal mum en he nder leydi ndii walla mumtirgol mum en heen seeɗaa seeɗa. Heblaaɓe he pinal arab ɓee ine mbeltii heen, sibu ine ɓamta ɓe kamɓe e koye maɓɓe. Heblaaɓe he pinal farayse ɓee ine mettini heen sibu ɓe njiyri ɗum ko no huunde ustoore ɓe, joñoore ɓe ».
So goonga, « ko faayaa he jamma fof ko heen woni », kadi kaa ngonka coomka tanaa ina faamroo he banngeeji kala.
So en ƴeewtindiima, en mbaasataa teskaade wonde ko baasgol humpitaade ngonka leydi ndii addani aarabingol ngol alaa haddu, daɗtaade ɗemɗiɗaagu.
Ko idii fof keɓtinen wonde ɗemngal walla pinal tumarankeewal he renndo, won no naatnirtee he ngoon renndo, alaa fof no yimɓe mum mbaawirta yiytaade he mum tan. Jaraa boom, wiyde ine waawna ɗe dental jogingal paarnorɗi mum pinal, ko famɗeende hakkille, kadi ko fenaande fuŋŋiniinde, sibu he nder leydi mbaandi no Muritani nii ine foti heɓtinde wonde leƴƴi ɗii fof poti hakkeeji e baɗɗiiɗe, no keeweendi majji poti fof.
Ngam ɓurde laaɓtude, hay ɓiyleydi gooto fotaani jaasneede goɗɗo oo. Walla mbiyen, ngam tiiɗnude ngootaagu ngenndi ndii, Muritaninaaɓe fof ine poti fotde frataŋŋeeji. So ɗii hakkeeji keɓtinaaka ; en mbaawataa abada lelnude politik mo yimɓe fof njaɓi.
Caggal ɗuum, tesko-ɗen ɗemɗiɗaagu farayse-arab teskaaki ko woodi koo sibu farayse wonaa ɗemngal neeniwal hay muritaninaajo gooto. Ko ɗemngal ngal daartol waawni en. Fawaade he ɗuum, ngal foti janngireede ko no ɗemngal jananal nii, pulaar sooninke e wolof ƴellitee, njanngiree ngam lomtaade ngal.
Ko goonga leƴƴi leydi men fof njiidi dewal, hono dewal lislaam. Kono ɗuum ittataa gootol heen fof won ko heerorii. Ko ɗuum waɗi eɗen calii miijo wiyoowo wonde ko pinal arab tan woni pinal ngenndiwal, ko ɗemngal arab tan woni ɗemngal ngenndiwal : (ine hasii huunde e musiɓɓe ine njogii ngoon miijo sabu tan lislaam njanngirtee ko arab tan).
E miijo men, Muritani foti alɗirde ko geɗe ceertuɗe, kono timmotirooje : pinal arab-lislaam e pinal ɓaleeɓe-afrik, gootal heen fof sabu ngalu waawi addude. Ko he ngoo miijo feere binndugol e guurtingol ɗemɗe men ngenndiije ɗee fof foti tuugnaade.
Ko haawnii heen, hono no ciimtol CNJ kaalangol dow ngol haaliri goonga nii, « so haala dokkitgol ɗemɗe men ngenndiije faayiida mum en haalaama tan, won heen cikkata ko yiɗde dartinde aarabingol ». Mbiyen tan, won ɓe njiɗaa ndeen feere, ɓe njiɗaa potal leƴƴi leydi men. Ko ɗuum waɗi, ngam haɗde jaŋde ɗemɗe ngenndiije, walla leeltinde ɗum haa abada, won heen mbiyi yo ɗe mbinndire alkule arab.
Ngam dallinde miijo maɓɓe, ɓe mbiyi ko ngam tabitinde ngootaagu ngenndi. Walla kam ko ɗuum woni ko jom winndannde tiitoriinde « Muritaninaaɓe tawo, keddo-ɗen koye men, tawa eɗen ndokka heddiiɓe ɓee ko mbaaw-ɗen naftoraade », winndannde yaltunde he tonngoode 638 (28 sulyee 1977) jaaynde ñalɗiire ngenndi Chaab.
Nii woni, jom ndee winndannde ndee ƴettiti dalillaaji haɓotooɓe jaŋde ɗemɗe men ngenndiije, o wiyi « so ngoonga e men eɗen njiɗi ngootaagu ngenndi nduumotoongu, eɗen poti, tee ine jojji mbinnditoro-ɗen ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee alkule arab ». Ɗum noon, hay so o haalaani, o takkii kala miijotooɗo winnditoraade ɗemɗe ngenndiije ɗee alkule lateŋ waasde yiɗde ngootaagu ngenndi ; ɗum noon o takki ɗuum ko leƴƴi ɓaleeji ɗii, jogiiɗi hakke suɓanaade ɗemɗe mum en aklule binndirɗe, fawaade e geɗe karallaagal. Paamondiren noon, min mbiyaani ɗum toɗɗii tan ko ɓaleeɓe Afrik, alaa ; aarabeeɓe kadi ine poti jeyeede e lelnugol politik ɗemɗe nuunɗuɗo, naftoowo yimɓe fof.
Ngoo miijo ine huyfiɗi sibu alaa fof leydi e winnndere hee, ɗo ngo laatii. Ma a taw ko oo daliilu haɗi jom winndannde ndee dallinde « ɓural gonngal e winnditoraade alkule arab, wonaa to bannge karallaagal, wonaa to bannge tiiɗnoygol ngootaagu men ».
E miijo am, wiyde kuutoragol alkule binndirɗe goote ine wallita naatnaatondiral yimɓe, ko fenaande. Leydi Suwis ko yeru laaɓtuɗo, sibu toon, ko farayseere e itaaliire e almaañiire e romaseere ngoni ɗemɗe laawɗinaaɗe, tee kañje fof ɗe mbinnditiraa ko alkule iwdi romaan, kono ɗuum addanaani ngootaagu laataade toon.
Yeruuji goɗɗi, keewɗi ine ngoodi, kollooji wonde alkule ko kuutorɗe golle tan : nde nduttintaa caggal, ɗe ngaddataa waklitere, ɗe ngaddantaa neɗɗo wosteede. Yanti heen cuɓagol alkule lateŋ nder leyɗe keewɗe (ko wayi no Wiyetnaam, leydi ɓurndi fof haɓtaade njiimaandi), ine hollita ko kañje ɓuri newaade huutoraade, ɓuri yahdude e ɗemɗe ɗee fof. Cuɓagol majje wonaa yiɗde ruttaade e njiimaandi walla njiimaandi kesiri. Kadi ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe ine kawri wonde ko ɗee alkule tan mbaawi yaltinde hitooji ɗii fof sabu mum en heewde alkule laaɓɗe. Aɗe njogii kadi ɓural goɗngal, sibu taro majje ɓuri newanaade fuɗɗotooɓe, sibu ko ɗe deggondirɗe kañje fof. Kadi, e wiyde fittiyankooɓe ko kañje ngaddanta cukalel ɓurde yaawde waawde ɗemɗe goɗɗe, kam e ɗemngal mum neeniwal.
Haa hannde he ngoon yeeso, hannde yimɓe fof ine kuccani kuutoragol alkule lateŋ. Nii woni leydi Siin woni ko e ƴeewde so tawii winndortaako ɗemngal mum alkule lateŋ ngam newnude binndol mum.
So en ngartii e binndugol Pulaar, Sooninke e Wolof, eɗen nganndi leyɗe ɓadiiɗe keewɗe kuutoriima alkule lateŋ ngam winnditaade ɗe, tee haralleeɓe ine kawri ko kañje ɓuri yahdude e ɗemɗe men. Ɗum noon, tuugnaade e humpito ɗeen leyɗe ɓuri wiyde ine ennda huunde nde anndaaka ɗo joofata.
Mbele boom ine waawnoo wonde goɗɗum, sibu pulaar ine haalee he leyɗe Afrik hirnaange e hakkundeejo keewɗe, sooninke ine haalee Mali e Senegaal, Wolof woni ɗemngal dowrowal to Senegaal.
Jooni noon, hol sabaabu eɗen ndarna heɗɗooji hakkunde ɗii ɓesnguuji e ɓesngu men, ɓesnguuji ɗi noknatiwal e daartol e jiidude kuccam parlini ngootaagu mum en.
E raɓɓinaade, miijo-ɗen seeɗa !
Ko goonga, Muritani ine seerti e leyɗeele goɗɗe ɗee, kono wonaa to bannge miijooji winndere ndee kala renndi. Ceerno miijiyanke gooto wiyi wonde pinal goonga goonga waawaa ƴellitaade he nokku uddiiɗo ; ngal jogoto tan ko jokkii e maggal nder walla boowal keeri. Ɗuum waɗi, kala nde pinal ruŋtii aduna ngam wuurde he hoore mum tan, ngal deŋat, ngal yahra caggal : « alaa pinal wuurata nder hoore mum ». Ko oon tanaa deŋgol e jahrugol caggal pot-ɗen reenaade hannde.
Hannde pot-ɗen ko jannginirde e laawɗinde ɗemɗe men, kuuɓnen muuyaaɗe keeweendi ɓesngu men. Tee ndeento-ɗen juumde mbiyen eɗen kaaɗna ndeen jaŋde e tinndi e cifti e daari majje tan.
Njiɗ-ɗen wiyde ko ɗe potaani jaggireede tan no kuutorɗe weytaare, hono no waɗirtee he rajo nii, sibu yoga e jeewte mum kebliraa ko haa ɗaayna heɗotooɓe ɓee. Tawi noon heɗotooɓe ɓee ine cokli neheede e humpiteede ko faati e darnde gooto fof waawi e foti daraade nder gollal mahngo leydi ndii.
Golle keewɗe ine keddii wonande ɗemɗe ngenndiije goɗɗe ɗee, tee potɗe teeŋtineede sibu en mbaawaa tafde « Muritaninaajo keso » tawi wondaano e ballal kuutorɗe kumpital, haa teeŋti noon rajo e tele. Aɗe poti, no ekkol nii, wallitde e alɗinde ɗemɗe men e ƴellitde ɗe haa ɗe mbaawa roondaade no haanirta nii ganndiwe e karalle kese.
E joofnirde, eɗen mbaawi wiyde aarabingol e janngirgol ɗemɗe men ngenndiije ɗee fof ine njahdi e muuyaaɗe lugge ɓesngu men. Ɗum noon ine waɗɗii kala Muritaninaajo nuunɗuɗo wallude ɗe.
Yanti heen, daranaade ɗemɗe men ngenndiije, e ɓure pine men, waawaa yahdude e janngirgol ɗemngal koɗal. Ko noon ne kadi, ko huunde e men ndarantoo ɗemngal Farayse ko adii nde miijotoo ɗemɗe men, waawaa yahdude e ƴellitaare ɓure men hakkilanteeje e pinal.
E joofnirde, so jojjannde ndimaagu to bannge pinal tan ko taaɓal faade e teeŋtingol neɗɗaagu men keeriingu, eɗen poti ko yaaccii reentaade won ɗiin pitti jahooji e waɗtude ndee fiɓnde hujja meho puuntirɗo. He nder ɗuum, « Keɓtugol Muritaninaajo neɗɗaagu mum » ine foti ɓooraade kala wutte leñamaagu mawnikiniingu, walla kala ooyre. Ko e oo sarɗi gooto tan mbaawaten hisnude neɗɗaagal men, njiggo-ɗen e heddiiɓe ɓee ko mbaaw-ɗen naftoraade.
ZAKARIYAA YAAL
Fulo : Bookara Aamadu BAH
Winndannde yaltunde e Ñalɗiire ngenndi « CHAAB » tŋ 673 alarba 7 kawle 1977
