Eɗen nganndi heewi addande yimɓe waɗde gaawol, ko mbele ndiyam ina daña ɗo rewi, maa wonii ko ndammbinoo-ɗam, yimɓe ina njiɗi dammbitde ɗum, walla ina njiɗi ittude ɗum e nokku paana ɗum e nokku goɗɗo sabu sokla keeriiɗo, ko wayi no ilnirde ɗum ndema walla ko nanndi heen. Gaawol Suees noon, no yoga e gaawi mawɗi gaawaaɗi e winndere ndee, waɗiraa ko haa ñonnga yolde. Haa ñonngana laaɗe njulaagu ummoriiɗe Orop na tiindii Asi yolnde. Sibu, ndeen ɗeen laaɗe maa telloo, ngoomoo duunde Afrik ndee bannge hirnaange haa njettoo ceɓtam mum worgo (Afrik worgo), ƴeeŋta ngoomoroo bannge fuɗnaange, nde njettoo Asi, woni taccii ko ina tolnoo e 16 000 kiloomeeteer yolnde. Ɗum noon gaawol Suees ngol ko codorgol jokkondirngol maayo Mediteraane (tufnde wuro Port Said) e maayo woɗeewo, tolnde wuro Suees. Nii woni yolnde wonnoonde hedde 16 000 km dartoo e 10 000 km.
Gaawol Suees woni ko e Misra. Njuuteendi maggol ko 193,3 km, njaajeendi maggol ko hakkunde 280 meeteer (ɗo ɓuri faaɗde) e 345 meeteer (ɗo ɓuri yaajde). Luggeendi maggol ko 22,5 meeteer.
Ngol gaawaa ko hakkunde 1859 e 1869. Gila e yonta firawna en yimɓe ɓee ceeraani e miijaade waɗde ɗoon sodorde e enndude ɗum, kono ko maa pellital tuubaako faraysenaajo gooto biyeteeɗo Ferdinand de Lesseps jilli heen, nde ɗum waawi aaɓnaade e siyneede. Caggal wiɗtooji annduɓe ngam hoolkisaade gaaɓnogol mum, kaalisaaji ndenndinaa, golle njaaɓanaa.
Kono, Engelenaaɓe mbiyi ina paloo golle ɗee, sibu, e miijo maɓɓe, so ɗum waɗirii nii, maa doole leydi Farayse ɓeydo e nokku hee, nokku teeŋtuɗo e dow bolol Inndo. Ɓe keɓii dartinde golle ɗee e cili keewɗi, kono, e dow ballal Napoleyon III ɗe mbaawii ummitineede e jokkude. Ɗum noon, so en mbelaama mbiyen ko faraysenaaɓe « ngasi » ngol, sibu hay e kurmbitgol ngol ko jom suudu Napoleyon III (Eugénie de Montijo) ardinaa ɗum.
Ine hiisaa wonde ko ina tolnoo e miliyoŋ e feccere (1,5 miliyoŋ) misranaajo ngolliima e gasgol gaawol ngol, kono fotde 150 000 maayii heen, e ko ɓuri teeŋtude sabu koleraa. Won wiyɓe maayɓe ɓee njettaaki ɗoon. Gaawol ngol hurmbitaa ko ñalnde 17 noowammbar 1869, kono laaɗe puɗɗii rewde e maggol ko ñalnde 17 feebariyee 1867.
Kono e hitaande 1875 Misra yeeyti Laamaandi Ndentundi (Engele en) ko ɓuri heewde e geɗal mum (juuɗe mum) e coodgu maayngu, tawi ñamaale mum teddirii ɗum no feewi. Nii woni Engele en keɓti gaawol ngol peraaki hay mbuuɗu e gasgol mum.
Kono ñalnde 29 oktoobar 1888 « piɓondiral Constantinople », baɗiraangal yuɓɓinde e gaddaade wellitaare kuutoragol Gaawol Ndiyam Suees, ciifangal ñalnde 29 oktoobar 1888 hakkunde ardiiɓe leyɗe Orop, teeŋtinii wonde gaawol ngol ko denndangol, ngol yowitaaki e hay gooto, ko ngol « bellitangol, udditaniingol denndaangal laaɗe njulaagu walla wolde ko aldaa e paltoor, yo won e sahaa deeƴre walla wolde » (kuulal 1 piɓondiral ngal).
Faayiida Gaawol Suees ina mawni no feewi e banngeeji ɗii kala (bannge faggudu e bannge nguurndam). Seede mum ko pooɗondire walla kuutoragol maggol e golwole. Waɗii sahaa e nder Misra, jogaade junngo e gaawol Suees ko maale martaba mawɗo no feewi.
Ko ɗum nii waɗi, ñalnde 26 sulyee 1956, persidaa Misra, hono Gamaal Abdel Naseer heɓtude ngol e waɗtude ngol « jeyi ngenndi » (nationalisation), ngam golloraade ɗum e mahngo uddo Asuwan (e wiyde Naseer), caggal nde Amerik salii daɗɗande ɗum kaalis. Ndeen o ƴettii ndee feere, ɗoon e ɗoon tuubakooɓe nangtii e jawdi Misra ngonnoondi e leyɗe mum en. Ɓe njawnoraa ɗum, ɓe mbaɗi maalde (kamɓe Farayse e Angalteer e Israayiil) ɓe neli toon konu, ngam, e wiyde maɓɓe, « heɓtande asnooɓe gaawol ngol e moƴƴinnooɓe ɗum ɓee, jawdi mum en ». Kono Fedde Ngenndiije Dentude heedani Misra. Yoga e Faraysenaaɓe e Engele en e Misranaaɓe joginooɓe heen juuɗe mbaasi jawdi mum en, sibu laamu Misra Sali kadi lomtinande ɓe. Won heen nii mbartii sabu mette (teeŋti noon e faraysenaaɓe ɓee), woɗɓe ngoni e seppude e winndude e wullitaade, kono alaa ko nafi.
E lewru Suwee 1967, e nder “wolde Balɗe Jeegom” (guerre des Six Jours), Israayiil heɓti nokku Sinaay oo fof jooɗii heen, ɗum woni bannge fuɗnaange gaawol ngol, duuɓi jeegom e ngol uddii, haa e lewru suwee 1975. Balɗe 3 016, laaɗe 14 njulaagu njookii toon… E daawal hakkunde ngal, e lewru oktoobar 1973 Misra e Siiri mbetti Israayiil, njani e mum (fuɗɗoode wolde Kippuur), nokku gaawol oo wonti dingiral wolde. Konu Misra tacci ngol, naati haa woɗɗoyi e nder Sinay hade konu Israayiil riiwtude ɗum, taccitini ɗum gaawol ngol, tacci kam e hoore mum. Ɗum addani Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe (FNGD) neldude toon konu (FUNU II), njooɗiingu toon haa 1974.
Yeeyooɓe petroŋ ñawndiri ngoo uddo ko tafde tankere laaɗe ɓuje (supertanker) nawooje ko heewi, mbaɗti taartaade Afrik…
Nde gaawol ngol udditaa, tawaa ko maa gollee. Lebbi 15 ko heen wonaa ngam ittude miinuuji (mines) tuufanooɗi e maggol e saraaji maggol : 45 500 miin e 686 000 kaɓirɗe goɗɗe (miinuuji saaruuji walla yimɓe) e ko ina wona 209 ton geɗe kalitooje… Persidaa Sadate udditi ngol ko ñalnde 5 suwee 1975.
Gaawol ngol woni dañirgal Misra tataɓal to bannge weccudi : miliyaaruuji 5 dolaar hitaande kala, woni joyaɓal bidsee Leydi Misra. Ko ɗum nii addani Misra fellitde yaajnude gaawol ngol, habri ɗum ñalnde 5 ut 2014. Gaawol kesol asaa sawndo bannge fuɗnaange gadanol ngol mbele laaɗe ina mbaawaa sawndondirde e oon nokku, sibu addan, ko maa laana ɓenna, nde ngoɗka naata. Njuuteendi maggol ko 72 km, njaru mum ko hedde miliyaaruuji 3 oroo (1 200 miliyaar ugiyya !). Ngol hurmbitaama ñalnde 6 ut 2015 ɓennuɗo oo.
Gaawol Suees ina naatnana Misra fotde 5,3 miliyaar dolaar hitaande kala. Ina ɗaminaa maa yettoyo 13,2 milyaar dolaar hitaande kala ɗoo e 2023.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
