Yerbannde leydi doolnunde wadnde to Hayiti ñalnde talaata 12 saawiyee 2010, boomi laamorgo mum hono Portau-Prince, ellee ari ko jokkitde ndii leydi nđi seeraani e musibbaaji weeyo e renndo e politik gila heɓi jeytaare mum e hitaande 1804. Yerbannde nde tolniima e toɓɓe 7,3 e nder daawrugal Richter. Nde bonnii ko ɓuri heewde e laamorgo leydi ndi. Alaa huɓeere waɗnde taakaw darii. Hay ardorde leydi ndi (persidaas), burñitiima. Heewɓe e terɗe Guwamama leydi ndi maayii heen. Ko noon ne wonande jooɗaninooɓe toon Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe : joɗnde mum wonti ko karawal : fotde 150 koninkeeɓe (casques bleus) maayii heen, ina heen gardiiɗo misiyon o, hono Hedi Annabi. Won wiyooɓe ko yani e Hayiti ko, ko kuɗdi, kono, ɗuum ma a taw ko yawaade kuɗdi tan ! Sibu, idii fof lorlude ndii leydi ko njiimaandi koloñaal e dumunna juutɗo, caggal ɗum ko laamuuji caɗtari.
E oo ɗoo sahaa ina jeyaa e caɗeele mayri bonnugol dunli ɓurtungol kam e uujo feewde e teeru ngo yuɓɓaani, ɗum jiidaa e jikkuuji mbuuñaari e nguyka e bonannde jawdi cabbinɗi toon. Farweende ɓurtunde ndii ɗoo leydi ummorii ko e baasal ɓurtungal, ko e waasde jogaade njuɓɓudi, ko wonde e sato ngo senaaki, ko ardoreede no feewaani gila ko ɓooyi, yanti e baɗte njiimaandi koloñaal.
Fiddeende politik
Hayiti heɓi hoore mum (jeytii/rimɗi) ko e hitaande 1804, woni jooni duuɓi 207. E nder duuɓí noogaas cakkitiiɗi ɗi, Hayiti wuuri tan ko e iiñcuru politik. E hitaande 1990, biyeteeɗo Jean Bertrand Aristide toɗɗaa toon hooreejo leydi rewrude ewoote. Hitaande fawtii heen, o waɗaa kuudetaa… Nii woni o yalti leydi ndi. O arti e laamu e hitaande 2001, kono Amerik e Farayse e Kanadaa, yantude e murto jogitiingo, mbaawni mo woppude laamu. O dogi, o yalti leydi ndi kadi. Gila ndeen, ko soldateeɓe Fedde Ngenndiije (casques bleus) ngoni toon ngam reende kisal leydi ndi.
Baasal ɓurtungal Amerik
Toɗɗegol Réné Préval hooreejo leydi ndi e hitaande 2006, addanaani baasal ustaade ; ngal ɓeydii nii ko waawnude. Hannde e oo ɗoo ñalawma, ndi hiisetee ko kayri woni leydi ɓurndi waasde e nder duuɗe Amerik. Musibaaji weeyo, keneeli mobbooji e guubiliijie ile. E hitaande 1998, mobbooru wiyeteendu “George” warii toon ko ina wona 200 neɗɗo. E 2004, mobbooru wiyeteendu “Jeanne”, ardundu e ile e ɓakke, moobii ko ina wona feccere leydi ndi, wari ko ina ɓura 3 000 neɗɗo, bonnani ko ina wona 300 000 neɗɗo. E hitaande 2007, ko noon : toɓooli ɓurtuɗi e ile mboomi worgo leydi ndi. E hitaande 2008 ndee tan, mobbooji e guubiliiji 4 (Fay, Gusaw, Hanna e Like) mermbilima leydi ndi, mbari hedde 800 neɗɗo e fotde miliyoŋ neɗɗo lorii heen. Fotde 100 000 hoɗorde mboni. Yanti e ɗum, peƴƴugol leɗɗe ngol alaa haddu, ina addana leydi ndi farwude, sibu keneeli e ile fof alaa hankadi ɗo kaggata.
Yerɓo leydi : haa e oo ɗoo sahaa, Hayiti ina daɗnoo e jerɓanɗe leydi doolnude, gila 7 mee 1842 (fotde 168 hitaande). Ndeen yerɓannde tolninooma e 8.1 e daawrugal Richter, nde mumti wuro Kap (Cap). Caggal ɗum leydi yerɓii toon laabi ɗiɗi, ehitaande 1954 e hitaande 1994. Ko ɓooyaani koo kadi, yerɓannde tolniinde e 4,3 bonnii ɓoggi kuuraa wuro laamorgo leydi ndi. E hitaande 2008, leydi yerɓii toon laabi tati (tolno 4,3) e nder balɗe 13 fat. Duuɓi keewɗi jooni ko annduɓe Hayitinaaɓe e Ameriknaaɓe njeertinta laamu ngu wonde yerbannde leydi doolnunde ina waawi waɗde. Kono alaa fof kuugal ngu ƴetti ngam heblanaade ɗum, yo won to bannge kumpital yimɓe ɓee, walla mahateeri ndi. Finnde. mum ko e lewru noowammbar 2008, ekkol rimtiima toon dow elewaaji, wari heen 103, gaañi heen 150, e saraaji Portau-Prince.•
Huunde e Daartol Hayiti
Hayiti darjirnoo ko “ Saint-Domingue ” nde woni e njiimaandi Farayse nde, hay so tawii noon, duunde nde ina wiyetenoo Hispaniola. Nde renndini hannde ko leyɗe ɗiɗi : Hayiti (hirnaange) е Ndenndaandi Saint-Domingue (fudnaange). Ndi waɗti wiyeede Hayiti tan, ko nde ndi heɓi hoore mayri e hitaande 1804, caggal wolde ndimaagu hakkundema maccuɓe murtunooɓe duunde nde, e konu Napoléon Bonaparte (laamɗo Farayse). Ardinoo ɓeen jiyaaɓe, dahanooɓe to Afrik ngaddaa toon ngam remde gawƴe suukara, ko biyeteeɗo Toussaint Louverture. Tuggi 1720, Saint-Domingue ɓurnoo duuɗe gonnooɗe e njiimaandi Engele en fof so ndenndii, heewde ko soñata e gawƴe suukara. E nder ndeen teeminannde, yoga e Afriknaaɓe dahetenooɓe ko toon payretenoo, e rewrude ko Ianndiraa “commerce triangulaire ”. Hade rewolisiyoŋ jolɗe Farayse, Saint Domingue yeñtintunoo tataɓal njeeyguuji Farayse fayde caggal leydi. Rewolisiyon Farayse jibini jiiɓru mawndu e nder koloniiji mum, haa arti noon e duuɗe Antiiy, yeru to Saint Domingue. Murto jiyaaɓe ɓurngo heen maantindé yuumti ko e kaɗtugol njiyaagu (abolition ɗee l’esclavage). Toussaint Louverture toɗɗaa yo wonan toon Farayse Guwemeer, caggal nde artiri deeƴre, o riiwi Españool en e Engele en. O artirii toon toon jam, haa duunde nde weli wuurde. O yahi ha bayyini toon doosɗe leydi bellitooje duunde nde e njiimaandi Farayse. Ko ɗum addani Napoléon Bonaparte neldude toon konu ngu 30 000 soldaat, e gardagol keynum, hono seneraal Leklerke (Leclerc). Ɓe njaggi Toussaint Louverture ɓe ngoɗɗini ɗum : kono ɗum haaɗaani biyeteeɗo Jean-Jacques Dessaline fiyde ɓe e lollirnde bataille de Vertières. Nii woni, caggal nde jiyaaɓe ɓee pooli kalifaandi rewrude kareeli ndimaagu e jeytaare, leydi ndi heɓi jeytaare mum ñalnde 1 saawiyee 1804, ndi innitiraa Hayiti. Hayiti woni leydi ngadanndi e winndere nde, ummiindi e mumtugol njiyaagu.
Dessalines waɗi hoore mum guwerneer kaaɗdi nguurndam. O yamiri yo tuubakooɓe raneeɓe heddinooɓe e duunde he, yo kirse. O laamii laamu Manna. O jamfaa, o waraa ñalnde 17 oktoobar 1806. Leydi ndi feccii : laamaandi rewo woni Hayiti e Ndenndaandi (République) to bannge worgo. Ñalnde 11 sulyee 1825, laamɗo Farayse, hono Charles X, yaltini kuulal keɓtinoowal ndimaagu leydi ndi. Kono, hankadi, kuudetaaji njokkondiri : konu ngu e yontaaɓe jilluɓe ɓee e ɓaleeɓe ɓee, julankooɓe (heewɓe e maɓɓe ko tumarankooɓe : Almaaji, Amerikeeji, Farysenaaɓe e Engele en), ngoni e fooɗondirde ngardiigu. Baasal woni e naatde, sibu deeyre alaa, tee ardotooɓe ɓee paalaaka ƴellitde leydi ndi. Leydi ndi hoɗi e jiiɓru. Dental Amerik heɓti ndi, woni e mayri tuggi 1915 haa 1934. Caggal ɗum Duvalier (Diwaliyee) en laamii, laamu caɗtaru, tuggi 1957 haa 1986, alaa fof bonannde ɓe mbaɗaani. Ko kamɓe ndarnunoo goomuuji taƴooɓe, yahooɓe ina mbarii yaha yimɓe, anndiraaɓe “ tonton Macoute ” en. Ɗum addani Hayitinaaɓe heewɓe uujde, payi Amerik e Kanadaa. Diiniyanke biyeteeɗo Jean-Bertrand Aristide fooli e woote e lewru desammbar 1990. Manndaa makko fuɗɗii ñalnde 7 feebariyee 1991, kono Raoul Cédras waɗi mo kuudetaa e ballal konu e nder lewru settammbar.
Hayiti jeyaa ko e leyɗe ɗiɗi kaalooje Farayse gonɗe Amerik himaange.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
