Nelson Rolihlahla Manndelaa lollirɗo Madibaa mo winndere ndee kala woyata hannde oo, pollunooɗo laamuyel paltoor to Afrik worgo, welditini ɓesngu mum, jibinaa ko ñalnde 18 sulyee 1918; o sankii ko ñalnde 5 desaambar 2013 to Johanesburg , woni o wuurii duuɓi 95 (heen 27 e lebbi 6 e balɗe 6 ko e kasoo.) O ɓuri lollirde ko darnde makko ngam rimɗinde e haɓaade paltoor to Afrik Worgo hono ko anndiraa apartaayd woni njuɓɓudi politik tuugiindi e ceerndugol eddaaji leƴƴi.
Nelson Manndelaa naati e parti biyeteeɗo Afrikan National Congress (ko anndiraa ANC) ko e hitaande 1944. Naatni mo heen ko yiɗde haɓaade njiimaandi e paltoor yimɓe seeɗa raneeɓe tabitintunoo toon e leydi hee. Caggal nde o janngi haa o woni awokaa, o tawti hare yamyamre luulndiinde doosɗe apartaayd lelnunoo tuggude hitaande 1948. E hitaande 1951 ko Olivier Tambo e Nelson Manndelaa ngoni ɓaleeɓe idiiɓe wonde awokaaji e Johanesburg. E hitaande 1952 Manndelaa rdii ‘’defiance campaign’’, woni ‘’kampaañ salaare’’ laabi sariya paltoor, keɓɗo kaaɗtudi ñalnde 6 abriil 1952, ñalngu ngu raneeɓe Afrik worgo cosnoo wuro Cap ngoo ; ko ina tolnoo e ujunnaaje jeetati ceppoowo nanngaa (ina heen Manndelaa ). Laamu nguu wayli sariya jowitiio e kisal yimɓe (public safety act mo 1953) ngam yamirde jowgol wellitaare heeriinde e ardoraade leydi ndii jamirooje, Manndelaa fawaa kuugal jowal (sursis) lebbi jeenay kasoo, haɗaa tawtoreede batuuji e yaltude galle mum to Johanesurg. Nii woni o yaaɓani yuɓɓinde goomuuji ANC e suuɗaare. Ooɗoo kampaañ addani ANC faggaade terɗe kese, ɓaleeɓe e Iñnjee en e raneeɓe, nde tawnoo dillere ndee tuugaaki e leñamleñamaagal. Ko e ngaalɗoo daawal Albert Lutuli ardinaa ANC, mooɓondiral jooɗii ngam lelnude dabi dillere luulndiinde apartaayd. Oon sahaa Manndelaa e Olivier Tambo ina ngardii kabine awokaaji Manndelaa & Tambo ngam heedande ɓaleeɓe ɓe mbawaa yoɓde fereeji awokaaji.
Ɓe ndaranii kadi renndinde doole maɓɓe e ɗe parti kominist leydi ndii. Oon sahaa noon ko sariya biyeteeɗo «Suppression communist act » ko nii siforii kominist : “kala jiyliiɗo waɗde mbayliigu politik walla faggudu, walla renndo rewrude e peeje ɗe ndewaani laawol”. Ndaa laawol toon e oon sahaa ko laawol paltoor e kiiɗal ɓaleeɓe. Kamɓe fof haɓtoraade ndeen fenaande peeje jamyame, haɗaani Manndelaa e capanɗe njoyo e jeegomo woɗɓe nanngeede ñalnde 5 desaambar 1956 e takkeede jamfa. Caggal ñaawoore juutnde (1957- 1961), ɓe ngoppitaa, caggal ɗuum ɓe laɓɓinaa.
Tuggi 1952 haa 1959, ANC, e gardagol Albert Lutuli e Olivier Tambo e Walter Sisulu, ngam arditaade dille leñameeje ɓaleeɓe, tiiɗtinii jokkondiral mum e pellon politik raneeɓe, e leƴƴi goɗɗi ko nanndi e iñnjee en. Yoga e ɓeen leñameeɓe njalti ANC e hitaande 1959 ngam sosde fedde wiyeteende Congrès panafricain (PAC) e gardagol e Robert Sobukwe.
Ko ndeen Fedde PAC noddunoo diinno ngam salaade jaajtingol kuule « paaspoor nder leydi » e rewɓe. Poliseeji pelli ɓe, mbari 79 neɗɗo, ngaañi ko ina ɓura 140 neɗɗo. Woni ko anndiraa warngo Shaperville. Ɗum waɗnoo ko ñalnde 21 marse 1960. Ko ndeen laamu apartaayd felliti haɗde ANC e PAC.
Caggal nde hare yamyamre ndee ronki jibinde huunde memotoonde, Manndelaa sosani fedde ndee konu (catal koninkeewal) hono Umkhonto we Sizwe (fedde baafal : cettal denngere) e hitaande 1961. Ndeen fedde waɗii golle sabotaas mahaaɗe buur walla koninkooje, bonni ɗum en. Manndelaa jagga ñalnde 5 ut 1962. Jaggi mo ko polis leydi ndii, e dow jamminoore CIA. O ñaawaa kasoo gonduɗo e golle mbaawnoor kaaɗdi nguurndam, ñaawoore yannde ñalnde 12 suwee 1964. Ndeen ñaawoore anndiraa ko ñaawoore Rivonia. Ko ndeen Manndelaa wiynoo : « Mbaɗ-mi nguurndam am fof ko e haɓanaade ɓesngu Afrik. Mi haɓii e njiimaandi raneeɓe, mi haɓii e njiimaandi ɓaleeɓe. Yiɗde am ɓurnde tiiɗde ko renndo rimɗungo, demokaraasiiwo ɗo yimɓe nguurdi e mbelemma tawa ina poti fartaŋŋeeji. Miɗo ɗaminii wuurde ko juuti ngam yettaade ɗoon. Kono, miɗo heɓanii waasde nguurndam am ngam yettaade ndeen yiɗde so ina jojji. »
Ko tuggi ndeen o fuɗɗii lollude, hare maɓɓe fuɗɗii anndeede e winndere ndee kala, yimɓe e leyɗe mbaɗti wallitde ɓe…
Ñaawoore Rivonia waɗi ko hakkunde oktoobar 1963 e suwee 1964. Ko hoohooɓe ANC 10 ñaawetenoo ɗoon : Nelson Mandela, Walter Sisulu, Ahmed Kathrada, Govan Mbeki, Dennis Goldberg, Raymon Mhlaba,Lionel Bernstein, James Kantor, Elias Motsoaledi e Andrew Mlangeni. Ina jeyaa e ko ɓe njooɓtoranoo kadi jaɓɓugol sariya kaɗɗo marucaagu. Caggal kasoo muusɗo, juutɗo, sibu ko duuɓi 27 e lebbi 6 e balɗe jeegom haa njahdi e naange. O woppitaa, no nganndir-ɗen ko ñalnde 11 feebariyee 1990.
Manndelaa sokanoo ko e duunde ina wiyee Robben Island. Tonngoode makko kasoo ko 46664. O waɗii toon duuɓi 18, omo gollinee e kariyeer lasoo, aɓe kela kaaƴe… Heewɓe e maɓɓe ñawii toon sabu punndi e naange. Nguurndam toon ina muusnoo sanne. Hay e nder kasoo hee, raneeɓe ko bannge, ɓaleeɓe ko bannge mum en mbaɗaa. Sokraaɓe miijooji mum en, hono Manndelaa en, ko seerndaaɓe e sokraaɓe warhoore. Kasoo Robben Island waɗiraa kadi ko helde gerñe dummbaaɓe toon ɓee. Kono, ɗum ɓeydi ko tiiɗtinde fiɓnde Manndelaa . E wiyde Ahmed Kathrada mo o sokdanoo toon, Manndelaa , ko woni toon koo fof, meeɗaa jaɓde ɓurnaneede : wonaa to bannge golle, wonaa to bannge comci, tee, kala ko heddiiɓe ɓee ummanii, ko e mum en o wondi, ko wayi no geddude ñaamde. O meeɗaa jaɓde ɗooftaade yiɗde gardeeɓe wonduɓe e maɓɓe ɓee noddireede “baas”, woni “patroŋ”. Yoga e jagge ANC ɓurɓe mawnude, jaɓataano haaldude walla nii ƴeewde reenooɓe ɗum en ɓee, kono Manndelaa kañum ƴeewatno ɓe, ina sunnoo jikkuuji maɓɓe. Ko ɗum addani mo faamde Afrikaaneer en ɓee ina ngondi e kulol ɓaleeɓe ɓee salaade renndeede laamu so ngu artii e juuɗe mum en, mbiya ina njoftoo e maɓɓe kamɓe e ɓesnguuji maɓɓe. Ko e kasoo o janngi ɗemngal Afrikaan, ngam ɓeydaade waawde faamde hakilantaagal maɓɓe e waawde haaldude e maɓɓe. To oon bannge omo luurdi e ANC jaggirɗo Afrikaneer en no koloñaal en nii. E miijo makko ɓeen ko afriknaaɓe no heddiiɓe ɓee fof nii ; ɗee jiile ina njeyaa e ko addani mo jogaade hakkille maslahaa, naftuɗo no feewi e kaaldigal dewngal heen ngal.
Ko alla e hare maɓɓe e tiiɗgol fiɓnde maɓɓe, yantude e ballal winndere ndee, addani ɓe dañde poolgu. Eɗen mbaawi siftinde kewuuji maantinɗi e nder ɗuum :
Ñalnde 6 desaambar 1971 batu kuftodinngu Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe yaltini hawraande jaggitoore Apartaayd no warhoore neɗɗaagu. E darorɗe 1976 laamu nguu wiyi ina woppita mo e sarɗi omo hoɗoya Transkei. O salii.
16 suwee 1976 sukaaɓe Sowetoo pinni ngam salaade waawneede janngude ɗemngal Afrikaneer en, konu apartaayd soori e maɓɓe kure, sukaaɓe heewɓe colɓitii ñalnde heen. Steve Biko mawɗo fedde « conscience noire » sankii e septaambar 1977 Alla e piggal polis.
E oktoobar ndeen hitaande Goomu Kisal Fedde Ngenndiije ƴetti hawraande 417 « seyfitoore laamu añamngureewu Afrik worgo », ɗaɓɓi kadi goppitgol denndaangal « yimɓe sokraaɓe sabu laabi fenaande kisal Dowla », hollitoore « luulndagol mum apartaayd ».
Hawraande 418 ƴettaande e lewru noowammbar haɗi njeeygu kaɓirɗe feewde Afrik worgo (ammbargo). Nelson Manndelaa e huunde e yahdiiɓe njoñaa, hay gooto yettotaako ɗum en, wonaa hay jaaynde, kala kaalɗo ko faati e maɓɓe, haɗee yaltude. Gila o naati kasoo, ko e 1979 (duuɓi 15 caggal nde o nanngaa) yitere fawtii e jom suudu makko, hono Winnii naatnooɗo kasoo kam ne.
E lewru marse 1982 Manndelaa faatinaa kasoo gooɗo (Pollsmoor), saraaji wuro CAP. Ina wiyee ko ngam woɗɗitinde mo sukaaɓe hesɓe soketeeɓe toon ɓee, sibu tawi kasoo waɗtii noddireede « iniwersitee Manndelaa : “aawde giɗli, ɓuri aawde ngañgu”.
Bookara Aamadu Bah
