Ƴiiwoole : majje, digaali, manaango

Winndannde ɗimmere min podannoo on ko fayti e toɓo e ƴiiwoole e majje e digaali. Ndeeɗoo winndannde memtaama seeɗa ngam ɓeydude ñamri mayre. Ngon-ɗen ko e ndunngu e faggaade kelmeendi ngam marde gannde e ɗemngal men. Hono no kollitirno-ɗen, winndannde nde yaltiino e tonngoode jeeɗaɓere Fooyre Ɓamtaare e hitaande 1982 (abriil, mee, suwee). Min ɗisanii on les ɗo ndeen tonngoode haa njiyon mbaydi mayre. Nate gonɗe heen ɗe ko nate musiɗɗo men Aamadu Malal Gey joginooɗo karallaagal jaaynde nde e oon sahaa.

…. E winndannde ɓennunde nde, en kawriino e ɗee geɗe kajojinaaɗe ngam goodaangal toɓo :

– Goodaangal ndiyam e dow leydi ; – Nguleeki mbele ndiyam na waawa wiimtaade ; – Ɓuuɓol weeyo mbele ndiyam na waawa fenndaade (jantinen heen goodaangal wuddu (walla gulli) fenndo (noyau(x) de condensation). En ndokkiino heen yeruuji teeŋtinooji ɗee geɗe : nokku ɓurɗo heewde ndiyam, ɓurɗo wulde ko ɗoon toɓo ɓuri heewde toɓde ; Ina waɗi kadi geɗe maandinooje en ndunngu ɓadtiima walla toɓo inan ara, ina heen : Gartugol ɗaccuki haa won e nokku e nder kammu walla won e koode goɗɗe ; Gummagol loruuje hirnaange fayde fuɗnaange walla rewo fayde worgo ; Baylagol goobu won e colli (balwali) ekn … ekn …

Ɗee geɗe noon paamrotoo ko to baylagol ngonka weeyo (nguleeki walla ɓuuɓol ina riiwa walla fooɗa won e ndiwri walla wayla goobu sigeeji mum).

En nanndirii e ɗee geɗe kala. Jooni noon ndokken miijo men e won dille tesketeeɗe kala ndunngu. Ko njogor-ɗen haalde koo noon ittaa ko ganndal siyaas. Firde siyaas noon weeɓaani kono maa en eto dallinde hol no majje, digaali e manaango ngardata.

Majje ko doole yiite (Elektirisitee)

Weeyo ina waɗi daañaa doole yiite. Doole yiite woni ko nganndir-ɗen kuuraa walla elektirisitee ko. Doole yiite noon waɗi ko dimle ɗiɗi : dimngal ɓeydo (+) e usto (-). Dimle ɗiɗi luurondirɗe (+ e -) pooɗondirtu, dimle ɗiɗi nannduɗe (+e+walla – e -) nduuñtondirtu.

Dimngal (+) e dimngal (-) so ɓadondirii waɗata ko pooɗondiral hakkunde majje, haa ara e nokku tawa pooɗondiral ngal tiisii no feewi, ɗe ndenta, waɗa feetere. Oɗon mbaawi waɗde jarribo : ƴettee batir ɓeppo mo gasaani (keso noon ɓuri). Ƴetten layset, pawen heen hoore e heen jamngel batir o, hoore woɗnde nde paandinon ɗum jamngel ngela, ma on njiy waɗa peete, walla kam hay so feetere wootere. So on njawnoraama ɗuum, njarribo-ɗon ɗuum e batir oto, ma on piccu juuɗe walla ngiddon on mbelaaka.

Ndutto-ɗen e weeyo men. En paamii weeyo dañaa ina waɗi kuuraa. So ruulde feŋii tan, alaa e sago nde ɓama heen dimngal gootal (+) walla (-), ngongal e nokku ngoon weeyo ngal. So ƴiiwii, oɗon nganndi duule ngonata tan ko e yirlaade sabu keneeli gonɗi dow ɗi. Ruulde roondiinde (+) so hawrii e roondiinde (-) on paamii waɗat feetere mawnde hakkunde majje, hono no njiyruno-ɗen e jarribo hee nii.

Majje ngaddata digaango

Ko ngoon fooɗo hakkunde duule ɗiɗi ceertuɗe dimle yiite jibinta feetere mawnde e weeyo, ndeen feetere woni huunde e majje njiyaten ɗe. Ɗum yahdata ko e nguleeki mawki, hakke 30 000 degere Selsus. Hono no paamraten, ndiyam, e dow leydi men ndi, so heɓii 100 degere Selsus tan fasat; henndu weeyo liroo, wuttoo, fetta, no bidoŋ baɗɗo henndu fettirta so oto yaɓɓii e dow mum nii, waɗa dille mawɗe : ɗeen dille ngoni digaango nanaten caggal nde njiy-ɗen majje ɗe. Ko majje ɗe ngadoto-ɗen yiyde caggal ɗum nanen dille ɗe (digaango ngo). Waɗi ɗum ko leer (naanagal walla annoore walla limiyeer) ɓuri dille (sawta) yaawde to woɗɗi sibu leer ina doga 300 000 km e leƴƴannde kala (walla 300 000 000 meeteer e nder leƴƴannde kala) ; Ina wayi no, e majjannde yitere wootere, leer ina yaha arta laabi ujunere hakkunde Nuwaasoot e Eeleega. tawi noon dille kam en ndogata ko hedde 300 meeteer fat e nder leƴƴannde.

Manaango

Ɗum noon, sifaaji tati majje ina ngoodi : majje hakkunde duule, en njiyii, jibinta ɗum ko ceertugol dimle yiite hakkunde duule ɗiɗi, majal nder ruulde, kam ne saabii ɗum ko ceertugol dimle hakkunde nokkuuji ɗiɗi e nder ruulde wootere, e majje hakkunde duule e leydi.

So ƴiiwoonde ƴiiwii, yah-ngartaa keneeli gulɗi e ɓuuɓɗi, ina ngaddana leydi roondaade yiite ɓeydo (+). Oon sahaa, so duule ɗe ndoondiima yiite (-), waɗa fooɗo hakkunde leydi e duule : so ngaal dimngal rimtiima waɗa majje «dariiɗe», woni majje hakkunde leydi e duule, keewɗe doole sanne. Yiite ɗe so ndimtiima e leydi, woni ko mbiyaten manaango ko. Ko huunde hulɓiniinde, semmbolinnde, heewnde nguleeki : njaaweendi majal ina yettoo 40 000 km/lƴ ; doole fooɗo ngo ina yettoo 100 miliyoŋ wolte (Volts) (kuuraa kuutorto-ɗen e galleeji men o heewi wonde ko 220 Volts fat, kono oɗon nganndi so on memii mo no wayata), njuuteendi majal ngal ina waawi yettaade 25 kiloomeeteer, njaanjeendi mum ina famɗi, sibu ko hedde saatimeeteruuji 3 fat, nguleeki takko majal ngal ina wona 30 000°C !!! Ɗeeɗoo majje, woni manaango, so ina ndimtoo e leydi, keewi ko rewde e huunde ɓurnde ɓadaade bolol mum tawa kadi ko huunde waawde nawde kuuraa, ko wayi no njamndi ndariindi e leydi, walla jawdi maa walla neɗɗo, walla ndiyam … Kala ɗo manaango rimtii (yani), battintu no feewi sanne : so tawii ko e lekki, ki heewi ko feecaade, so kullon keewi ko maayde, so e leydi mehri heewi ko waɗde wiiduru mawndu …

En paamii tan wonde manaango ardataa e hay kaaƴel gootel. Feere nde annduɓe njiyti, ngam haɗde manaango bonnude, ko etaade «waɗande ɗum bolol», woni njiɓde e leydi loocol njammndi toowngol (…), ɗum woni ko wiyetee «paratonnerre», woni «paddorgel manaango». Adii horde ɗum ko ganndo gooto biyeteeɗo Franklin (engelenaajo). O ƴetti ko beeyuwal tokosal, o ceŋi e mum cettel njamndi, o haɓɓi e mum gaarawel njamndi haa yettii leydi. O woppi haa ƴiiwi, o woppi beeyungal ngal weeyi haa dow. E oon sahaa o wiyi feetere ina ummii duule haa yettii e cettel njamndi ngel : ko ndeen o yenanaa manaango ko rimto kuuraa tan, o sosi paaraatoneer e hitaande 1779.

Manaango yanata tan ko e huunde nawoore kuuraa, haa naata leydi.

Tonngol

Ɗum fof e wayde noon, eɗen ngoɗɗi anndidde cuuɗiindi Alla waɗi e ƴiiwoole e yahdooje e mum. Geɗel gootel ina ñikla hakkillaaji annduɓe : hol no yimɓe mbaɗata haa eelta majje ngam huutoraade semmbe mum doolnuɗo o.

So artii e kaaƴel manaango noon, eɗen nganndi sukaaɓe (walla mawɓe nii) ina keewnoo hoccude kaaƴon ɗaatkon, mbelkon walla ceeɓkon, mbiya «ngaree mi hoccii kaaƴel manaango !». Ngel kaaƴel dey ardaani e manaango. Ina yaakoraa ko e kaɓirɗe njaatiraaɓe men adiiɓe, sibu ko kaaƴe ɓe ngoogatnoo haa wela ɓe mbaɗa jale e jammbe, walla paakaaji … Jahɗo Galle Pinal ɗaa kala maa taw toon hono koon kaaƴon keewkon ; so o naamndiima daartooɓe ɓe, ma ɓe kaalan mo heen ko weɗɗaa.

Wasiyaaji so ƴiiwoonde arii

Ina waɗi kadi geɗe ɗe yimɓe poti, yeru:

– seŋtude kaɓirɗe marsooje e kuuraa, sibu so manaango yanii e e ɓoggi kuuraa mawɗi ɗi, hay so tawii ko to woɗɗi (kilooji keewɗi) ɗum ina waawi bonnude kaɓirɗe ɗe.

– Ñifde telefoŋ portaabal (eɗum fooɗa manaango) ;

– Waasde jaabaade e telefoŋ ɓoggol (ɗum ne ko noon)…

So tawii ko boowal, neɗɗo ina foti reentaade :

– ɗuhaade e lekki, sibu so manaango yanii e lekki he, faytata ko ɓalndu neɗɗo o (walla jawdi ndi) nde tawnoo ɓalndu neɗɗo ɓuri waawde nawde kuuraa ;

– Suuɗaade e naɗde ;

– Lelaade sara ɓoggi kuuraa ekn …

Ko ɓuri wasiyeede, so tawii neɗɗo woni ko boowal ko :

– Ruɓde walla yahrude koppi hay so tawii ko e ɓakke ;

– So tawii ko yimɓe heewɓe, yo ɓe ngoɗɗondir ko famɗi fof meeteruuji 5 : e oon sahaa so manaango yanii e gooto e maɓɓe, woɗɓe ɓe ina mbaawi hisde ;

– So tawii ngon-ɗaa ko e nder oto, woto yaltu, heddo toon sibu hay so manaango yanii e oto he, yettotaako ma ;

– Seertude e kala ko ina nawa kuuraa : kootone, parayseewal, pafti ….

– Yahrude taaɓon tokoson, kon ɓurataa sentimeeteruuji 2;

– So tawii neɗɗo roŋkii dañde ɗo ɗuhii, yo o dicco, o renndina koppi e koyɗe, tawa omo huuri heen permeyaabal.

Bookara Aamadu Bah

Kelmeendi

• Charge électrique :         dimngal yiite
• Charge positive :             dimngal ɓeydo
• Charge négative :            dimngal usto
• Porter une charge :        rimndude
• Se décharger :  rimtaade
• Etre électriquement neutre :    Wonde dimtiɗum
• Bookara A. Bah
• 

Fooyre Ɓamtaare tonngoode 7 (abriil, mee, suwee 1982)