Ngardiin : Caggal yettude Allah Joomiraaɗo jom baawɗe oo, e juulde e Nelaaɗo Muhammadu, eɗen etoo waɗande banndiraaɓe janngiyankooɓe Fooyre, ciimtol siyaara Alhajji Saudu Nuuru Taal (ASNT) 2014.
Ngardiin : Caggal yettude Allah Joomiraaɗo jom baawɗe oo, e juulde e Nelaaɗo Muhammadu, eɗen etoo waɗande banndiraaɓe janngiyankooɓe Fooyre, ciimtol siyaara Alhajji Saudu Nuuru Taal (ASNT) 2014.
Hono no aadoraa gila hitaande 1980, siyaara oo yuɓɓinaama hikka ummaade ñalnde 31 saawiye haa 3 feeburiyee 2014 to Ndakaaru e gardagol Ceerno Basiiru Taal kam e Ceerno Madaani Taal, e dow teddungal Hooreejo leydi Senegaal, Makki Sal kam e Muhammad VI, laamɗo Maruk.
Siyaara hikka oo noon ene teskini no feewi, sabu o hawri ko e geɗe tati teskinɗe :
– Duuɓi 150 caggal birnagol Sayku Umar Fuutiyyu Taal (SUFT), birniiɗo e Haayre Degemmbere to nokku Bañnjagara, to leydi Mali ñande 12 feeburiye 1864
– Duuɓi 150 caggal jibineede Alhajji Saydu Nuuru Taal, jibinaaɗo e hitaande 1864 to Mali, ruttii e joomum ñalnde 25 saawiye 1980 to Ndakaaru
– Duuɓi 100 caggal jibineede Ceerno Muntagaa Taal, jibinaaɗo e hitaande 1914, ruttii e joomum e hitaande 2007
Kono ko ɓuri teskinde e siyaara hikka oo ko yahdude mo e pottital mawngal (colloque international) juɓɓinaangal to galle (Grand Théâtre), ñalawmaaji 1 haa 2 feeburiye 2014 ngam yeewtande yimɓe ɓee nguurndam e golle Sayku Umar Fuutiyyu Taal (SUFT).
Ene teskaa won’de ko ngol woni laawol ɗiɗmol waɗeede jeewte baaɗe nii. Sabu e hitaande 1997, ngam mawninde duuɓi 200 caggal jibineede SUFT (jibinaaɗo e hitaande 1797) to Halwaar, hono ɗumɗoo, waɗanooma.
Yuɓɓini jeewte ɗee ko Fedde wiyeteende Yiɗɓe Sayku Umar, anndiraande « Ahbaab Sayku Umar –احباب الشيخ عمرالفوتي تال », e wallondirde e goomu haralleeɓe gannde renndo, taariik … (comité scientifique) tawi ɗowi golle mum ko porfesoor Sammba Jeŋ jannginoowo to Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde mo Seek Anta Joop to Ndakaaru « UCAD ».
Paandaale jeewte ɗee ngonnoo ko anndinde yimɓe ɓee hol gonɗo Sayku Umar Fuutiyyu Taal (SUFT). Heewɓe e men nganndiri mo ko (i) ganndal makko (peeñngal e cuuɗingal – ظاهرو باطن) ; walla (ii) jaambarragal makko sabu fellude mo Diine e ñiiɓnude ɗum e nder jookli Hirnaange Afrik.
Kono neɗɗannkaagal Sayku Umar Taal ene wappitii ɗumɗoo, sabu angal nawori geɗe goɗɗe ɗe keewaani jangteede. Jeewte hikka ɗee noon kollitii wonde SUFT ko (i) ganndo kumpitiiɗo ɗemngal Arab et fannuuji mum, (ii) ko karallo to banngal hare e konuuji, (iii) o haɓii e Tuubakooɓe ngam salaade njiimaandi mum en e Fuuta, (iv) ko o daraninooɗo ngootaagu Afrik et naat-naatondirgol (intégration) leyɗeele Afrik, ekn. Ko ɗeeɗoo gede etoto-ɗen jangtaade ko fayi arde les ɗoo :
1. Bannge ɗemɗiyaagal rewrude e deftere jime wiyeteende « Safiinatu_Sa’aadati سفينة السعادة»
2. La dimension linguistique dans le recueil de poèmes « Safiinatu_Sa’aadati –
Yeewti ndeeɗoo yeewtere ko Aamdu Tijjaani Jallo, jannginoowo Arab to UCAD. O wii wonde Sayku Umar Taal, ko ganndo kumpittiiɗo ɗemngal Arab no feewi, caggal nde o janngi Qur’aana ha o gayni, o rewni heen ganndal kelmeeri (luqa اللغة), celluka (nahwu –النحو ) e (sariyya – الشريعة,) o ƴellitiima e ganndal haala walla sen kaalii arab mbiyen « manɗiq » المنطق (la réthorique), ngalɗoo ganndal ene feccii e pecce tati : (i) al –bayaan (art de l’éloquence – البيان), angal huutoree ngam laaɓtinde ko binndoowo oo yiɗi haalde (ii) al-ma’aanii – –المعانى (art de la sémantique) ngam anndinde konngol kala hol ko firata, (iii) al-badii’ – البديع (figures de styles) ngam sañde haala.
O siftinii wonde Ko ɗeeɗoo gannde kala o huutorii ngam winndude deftere ndeeɗoo. Deftere ndee noon ko yimre nde Sayku Umar winndi ngam jaarde ɓure Nelaaɗo Muhammadu mo manoore e kisal woni e mum oo, e hitaande 1852, e sahaa cagataagal makko timmungal, omo yahra e duuɓi 55, sahaa mo o fiiltii kala gannde e fannuuji. O winndii ndeeɗoo deftere duuɓi 5 ko adii deftre makko wiyeteende « Rimaah » ( الرماح – Les lances ), duuɓi 10 ko adii deftere makko wiyeteende « maa waqa’a » ( ماوقع – Ce qui s’est produit), ngam laɓɓitinde ko kewnoo hakkunde makko e Aamadu mo Aamadu, laamɗo Maasina
3. Al Hajji Umar, karallo ceeɓɗo to banngaangal fannuuji hare
Yeewti ndeeɗoo yeewtere ko Seneraal Mammadu Sek, gardinooɗo konu Senegaal (Gonnooɗo mawɗo konuuji Senegaal, gonɗo jooni e fooftere mum). O waɗi ngooɗoo wiɗto ko sahaa nde o janngata « Ecole de Guerre » to dowla Farayse.
O hollitii wonde ko goonga muuyaande makko arwaniire e waɗde jihaadi oo ko fellude diine ngam ñiiɓnude ɗum e nder hirnaange Afrik, kono noon kadi ɗuum riiwtaani ngenndiyannkaagal makko sabu o tardinii naatgol Tuubakooɓe ɓee e nder Fuuta ko ene tolnoo e duuɓi 20. E ooɗoo bannge ko kannko adii daranaade yo Afrik heɓ hoore mum.
Omo ɗooftinoo sarɗiyeeji hare : E wolde Madiina, gaañiiɗo kala, woni ko gondiiɗo makko walla kaɓdiiɗo makko, safrete haa sella. O haɓataa so wonaa e caliiɗo maslahaa walla kaɓiiɗo mo, yeru hare makko e Aamadu mo Aamadu, laamɗo Maasina
To bannge karallagal hare, o hollitii wonde ko Sayku Umar waɗatnoo koo, ko ɗuum woni ko janngintee hannde e duɗe toowɗe karallaagal golwole (Ecoles de Guerre). Sabu hare kala noddi ko daawe joy : 1. Keblagol, 2. Jettagol e nokku hare ndee, 3. Ɗowgol hare ndee, 4. Ñiiɓgol e nokku oo, 5. Jiilgol walla njiimaandi nokku oo. Ko ɗumɗoo woni ko Sayku Umar waɗatno e sahaa mum.
Hol ko addanii mo wiyeede ko o karallo to bannagl hare:
- Omo huutortonoo hare betel (guerilla) ngam hisnude caggal makko. Sayku Umar ene anndi wonde Tuubakooɓe ɓee njiɗi ko taƴde hakkunde makko e Fuuta Tooro walla Fuuta Jaloŋ, mbele omo natta addoyde toon kaɓirɗe e soofaaji, ko ɗuum waɗi sahaa fof o yana e Tuubakooɓe ɓee, o haɗa ɓe feewnitaade, yeru wolde Madiina : Umar e konu mum mbaɗii ko wiyetee “blocus” walla uddere oo nokku (Fort de Médine) ko ina tolnoo e lebbi tati (gila 20 Abriil haa 19 Sulyee 1857), maa ndunngu ari nde Faidherbe ummii “Saint-Louis”, addi laaɗe e konu ngam faabaade yimɓe mum. Wiɗtiyanke gooto ene wiyee David Robinson seedtiima ɗum e deftere mum “la Guerre Sainte d’Elhadj Oumar”, o wiyi: “Umar huutoriima feere taƴagol (Tuubakooɓe e geɗe mum en), kanko woni gadiiɗo huutoraade peeje “guerilla” ɗe nganndu-ɗaa mballii mo e leeltinde naatgol Tuubakooɓe (e nder Fuuta)”.
- Peeje ɗe o huutortonoo ɗee ko dowrowe, eɗe njahdi e gannde kese ɗee, e banngeeji tati:
– miijo makko wonnoo ko dartinde walla leeltinde naatgol e njiimaandi Tuubakiri e nder Fuuta;
– muuyaale makko ko tati : (i) heptude laamu Tammbaa, waɗta ɗum ñiiɓirde konu makko, tawa kadi o welsindaaki Ɓunndu, nokku mo nganndu-ɗaa ene jokkondira mo e leydi Gambi ngam waawde soodoyde toon kaɓirɗe e conndi; (ii) heɓtude leydi Bammbuk, ɗoon ɗo nganndu-ɗaa omo waawi hesɗitinde konu makko (ƴettude soofaaji kesi); (iii) heɓtude leydi Kaarta e huufde Madiina ngam haɗde Tuubakiri jiimde mayo Senegaal; (iv) heɓtude laamu Segu e laamu Maasina ngam jiimde mayo Niiser e kolaaɗe mum.
– Konuuji e Soofaaji Sayku Umar: Ko heewi e soofaaji Sayku Umar ummii ko Fuuta, sabu e hitaande 1854, Alfaa Ceerno Umar Bayla renndinii kañum tan gooto ujunnaaji tati soofaa jeyaaɓe Fuuta Tooro. Kono leƴƴi hirnaange Afrik ɗii fof (Sénégambie) naatii e konu makko : ene waɗi Jolfuɓe, kaasonkooɓe, wambarankooɓe, ekn. Ɗuum waɗi konu nguu yahii haa tolnii e ujunnaaji sappo soofaa.
Konu nguu feccinoo ko e pecce nay (regiments), mbele ɗowgol maggu ene ɓura newaade: konu Ngenaar, konu Dugasu, konu Bamabugu e konu Tooro. Heen sahaaji so tawii o hulii doole konu makko, omo wallikintonoo laamɓe juulɓe ɓe o naatni e diine Lislaam ko nanndi e Alfa Moolo to Fuladu, walla Maa Ba Jaku, fuutanŋke jooɗinooɗo to Saalum.
Kaɓirde makko ko “kanooji” ɗi o heɓti e konu Farayse walla petelaaji e conndi ɗi o soodatnoo e Engele en to Gammbi. Nde o fooli laamɗo Tammba e hitaande 1852, o dañi jiimde e jeytude oogirɗe kaŋŋe Buure, o rewni heen Bammbuk (1853). Ɗuum waɗi Fuutankooɓe so ina cifoo kaŋŋe ɓurɗo moƴƴyude, mbiyata ko “kaŋŋe Mbuure”.
Ɓurnooɓe lollude e ardiiɓe soofaaji makko ko Alfaa Umar Ceerno Bayla Wan, Alfa Usmaan Soh, Sammba Njaay Baccili, Mammadu Aliw Caam e ko nanndi e ɓeen.
4. Hol ko wonnoo miijo makko politiki ?
Ɗum ko jubbannde e yeewtere Ibadeer Caam, ganndo to banngal Taariik, jannginoowo to UCAD, jeewtuɗo e ngartam darnde Sayku Umar e kala banngeeji (ndeeɗoo yeewtere tan ene waawi wonde winndannde bannge).
O hollitii wonde Sayku Umar joginoo ko miijo sosde dowla islaamiyankeejo e nder Afrik bannge hirnaange, tawa wirdu Tijjaani ina doolni heen, tuggude e leydi “Cap Vert” to bannge hirnaange haa leydi Sudaan to fuɗnaange, gila kadi Faas to Marok, bannge rewo haa leydi Kameruun to bannge worgo. Ɗuum waɗi kannko fuɗɗi naat-naatondiral leyɗeele men, ko wiyetee e Farayse “integration africaine”.
Nde tawnoo muuyaande makko ko leƴƴi Afrik yo ndentu e les njiimaandi dowla gooto, e dow ɗuum eɗen mbaawi wiyde ko kanko fuɗɗi haalde ngootaagu Afirik.
Ngenndiyannkaagal makko addanii mo haɓtaade Tuubakooɓe e dartinde walla leeltinde jiimgol mum en leyɗeele men ɗee. Dartagol makko, walla kaɓtagol makko ɓeeɗoo yahii ko ina abboo e duuɓi 20. E ooɗoo bannge ko kannko adii daranaade yoo Afrik heɓ hoore mum.
Tonngi ɗum ko Ceerno Moktaar LAM
