Daarti deƴƴaaɗi : Holi Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate seegunke baraaɗo to Almaañ

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Willi-Münzenberg-Mitte-mit-James-W.-Ford-links-und-Tiémoko-Garan-Kouyaté
Willi-Münzenberg-Mitte-mit-James-W.-Ford-links-und-Tiémoko-Garan-Kouyaté

He nder jeewte dawrugol Afirik haa teeŋti e mo Hirnaange oo, innde Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate ina yaha ina arta, ɗemɗe ina ndaadtoo. Kono holi gonnooɗo Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate ?

O jeyaa ko wuro Seegu, fotde kilooji 250 Fuɗnaange Bamako. Jannguɓe e daartiyankooɓe Malinaaɓe ina keewi ɓe nganndaa mo. Ɗuum addani en yiylaade binndanɗe jowitiiɗe he makko.

Dr Umar Marikoo mo heerto dawrugol SADI bayyiniino winndannde nde gooto e yahdiiɓe Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate winndunoo e makko. Ko o Madagaskaarnaajo, biyeteeɗo Solofo Randrianja, daraninooɗo hare huƴtinnde e koloñaal Farayse, jeyanooɗo e heerto Farayseejo kominist’en (PCF).

Hedde kitaale 1980 jannguɓe Malinaaɓe ngummanii wuurtinde darnde makko, ɓe cosi dillere inniraande « groupe des mouvements de lutte Tiemogo Garan Kouyaté – dental dille hare Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate ». Ardinoo dental ngal ko Pr Yoro Jakitee, e « ɓosiyanke Sheek Umaar Siisoko, e daartiyanke Diriisa Jaitee, e ñaawoowo Haamiidu Jabatee e sanɗa (ndeen) Umaar Marikoo. Woɗɓe kadi lolluɓe ina nodditironoo dillere ndee, hono Ceebele Daraame e woɗɓe wiyetenooɓe « daande bolsewikiyaagal ».

Nde henndu demokarasi naati, inɗe ubbanooɗe keewɗe ngubbitaama, so wonaa Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate. Holi ko waɗi ɗuum ? Innde Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate ina foti tigi ubbiteede. Seegunaaɓe e Malinaaɓe e Afirikinaaɓe daraniiɓe wuurtinde daartol men ina poti wuurtinde innde Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate. Dowla Mali ina foti nih ɗaɓɓude yo ko heddii e ɓanndu makko artire Segu.

Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate jibinaa ko 27 abiril 1902 to Seegu, o wardaa takko to wuro-dummbirdu Mauthausen (Autrishi) ñalnde 4 suliyee 1944. Ko o kaɓatnooɗo e koloñaal, ko o « kominist », o fiilaa kalfinaaɗo kuuɓal fedde « Ligue de Défense de la Race Nègre puis de – Maalde haɓantoonde leñol Ɓaleeɓe », kam e fedde “senndikaa” l’Union des Travailleurs Nègres – Dental Gollooɓe Ɓaleeɓe.

Baaba makko gollotonoo ko he njuɓɓudi laamu koloñaal. O adii janngude ko to duɗal William-Ponty. Nde o heɓi seedantaagal jannginoowo to William-Ponty, o wonti jannginoowo to Kodduwaar he kitaale 1921 haa 1923. Ko he 1923 o ɓenninaa leydi Farayse. O winnditii he duɗal Toowngal, o daranii hujjaaji sanɗaaji Afirikinaaɓe wonnooɓe toon. O waraa ko Almaañ e hitaande 1942, Almaañnaaɓe mbaɗi mo ko takko Aix-en-Provence. Kono o riiwa he ngal duɗal e 1926 sabi ɓe mbiyi omo waɗa jeeyngal “ kominist en ”. Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate fayi wuro Paris, o winndiyoo to duɗal toowngal Sorbonne, o anndondiri ɗoon e Lamin Senngoor, gorko daraninooɗo hujjaaji Ɓaleeɓe.  Ɓe ngoni sehilaaɓe. Ko ndeen hitaande o naati e heerto kominist en – PCF. O waɗti gollaade to defterdu Hachette.

O nawdi heen mogiyaagal. Ko ndeen o anndondiri e debbo gaaciyanke ŋanaa Joséphine Baker. O yiɗi naatnude oo debbo dowluɗo he fedde makko daraniinde hujjaaji Ɓaleeɓe. Kono o dañaani.

Nde Lamin Senngoor maayi ñalnde 25 Nowambar 1927, Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate toɗɗaa ngardiingu fedde « Ligue de Défense de la Race Nègre puis de– Maalde haɓattoonde leñol Ɓaleeɓe ». O sakkiti tuugnorgal daraningal jeytaare leyɗe Afirik kalfaaɗe, e tabitino « sosiyaalsma ». Miijtannde yahri kesum, so sifaade lanndaaji renndooji Afirik, gila e hiiɗaaɓe haa e hiiɗooɓe. O holliti heen nafoore Afirik ko sosde leydi ngootiri. Ko he hitaande 1929 o seholondiri e Jomo Kenyata (mo leydi Kenya), e James W. Ford e George Padmore, e Marcus Garvey, e Du Bois (ɓe Dowlaaji Dentuɗi – USA), nde ɓe ngari tawtoreede kawtal winnderewal Saliiɓe Emperiyaal to Francfort (Almaañ).

Maa hedde 1930, Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate e yahdiiɓe mum Afiriknaaɓe e ɓe ngonaa pelliti sosde heertooji dawrugol e innde « kominist en » nder leyɗe Afirik. Ko ndeen senngo « Ɓaleeɓe » udditaa nder fedde « Winndereere Kominist’en – Internationale communiste ».  Ardinoo senngo ngo Ford e Padmore. Ɗum kewnoo ko to wuro Moscou. Ɓe nawdi heen “ goomu hakkunde sendikaaji daraniiɗi Ɓaleeɓe Gollooɓe” – International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers (ITUC-NW). Ceemoko Garang Kuyaate toɗɗaa jooɗanii toon Afirik Hirnaange gonɗo les njiimaandi Farayse.

O etii wootiɗinde « dokkeer en » Ɓaleeɓe to Marseille e to gure Afirik hono Ndakaaru e Abidjan. Kono « kominist en » ɓe Farayse kaɓii ɗum sabu njiyri ɗum ko leñamleñamaagu, haɗa lannda « ubiriyeeji » renndude hare.

He 1931, o ari Marseille yuɓɓinde gollotooɓe « dokkeer en ». O nanngaa o sokaa. Nde o woppaa o fayi Moscou tawtoroyeede kawtal winnderewal senndikaaji. Ko ndeen o itti yimɓe Afirik ngari Moscou janngude ko fayti e « senndikaagal ». Ko ndeen kadi François Coty, faraysenaajo gardinooɗo jaaynde “ l’Ami du Peuple” – Musiɗɗo Ɓesngu), ummanii jeeyngal haɓde e Ceemoko. O wiyi yo Farayse reeno “ kominist en naatii Afirik”, bone « mboɗeeri naatii jiimaaɗe men ».

He lewru Saawiyee 1931, Maalde haɓattoonde leñol Ɓaleeɓe feƴtii. Ɓurɓe fellitde ɓee njahdi e Ceemoko, ɓe cosi « Union des Travailleurs Nègres – Dental Gollooɓe Ɓaleeɓe ». Ɓe cosi jaaynde wiyaa « Le Cri des Nègres – Wulaango Ɓaleeɓe ». Padmore walli ɓe. He lewru Suwee 1933, o yuɓɓini batu ngam sosde peŋgal sanɗaaji Afirik Hirnaange wonɓe Paris. Léopold Sédar Senghor ina tawtoraa nguun batu. Ɗum yumtaani ngati ko wayi no Léopold Sédar Senghor njaɓaani rewde e makko.

Ko he ndee hitaande o fuɗɗii luurdude e heerto kominist en Farayse (PCF). Nder lewru Oktoobar 1933, PCF yaltini mo heerto ngoo kam e « Union des Travailleurs Nègres – Dental Gollooɓe Ɓaleeɓe ». Renndini ɓe ko Ceemoko yiɗnoo ko renndinde Ɓaleeɓe, ɓeya noon ndaraninoo ko hare lanndaaji nde tuubakooɓe e Ɓaleeɓe fof ndenndi. Ɓe tuumi mo kadi « nguyka » ceede ɗe o halfinanoo, e jotondiral e añɓe dillere waklitere. Jaaynde PCF bayyini innde makko e natal makko, nder « doggol ɓalewol toŋ 2 » añɓe PCF sarata tuma fof. Ɓe mbiyi waɗi mo riiweede e PCF ko sabi makko « jogaade darnde peƴtooru e ngañgu PCF ». Lomtii mo ko musiɗɗo makko Ramananjato.

Ceemoko sosi fedde woɗnde e hitaande 1934, o inniri ɗum « Solidarité coloniale – Jokkere-enɗam Jiimaaɓe ». Ɓe ngoni e jeeyngal salaade wolde leydi Itali ummanii ngam huuraade e Ecopiya. Ko ndeen ɓe lelni « Comité de Défense d’Éthiopie – Goomu Falanaade Ecopiya ». O yahdi ɗoon e fedde ngenndiyanke Aljerinaajo Mesaali Haaj, wiyeteende « Etoile Nord-africiane – Hoodere Afiri-Rewo ». O waɗti bayyinde binndanɗe he jaaynde Messali Haaj wiyeteende El-Umma. Kanko e dawriyanke Faraysenaajo ina wiyee Marcel Griaule, ɓe coorii Paris aɓe cara miijooji salaare hare Itali fawi e Ecopiya.

Ceemoko jokki daranaade jeytaare leyɗe Afirik haa ɗuum addani mo sosde jaaynde wiyaa Africa he 1936. O maaldondiri e fedde dawrugol ngenndiyankooɓe wiyeteende « Front Populaire – Maalde Ɓesnguure ». 

O liggii seeɗa nder jaagordu Kalifaandi ko adii nde Wolde Winndere 2ɓere. Nde Hitler huurii e Farayse tawi Ceemoko ina golloo « mbayla » Montluçon. Woodi bonnuɓe mbayla kaa, Almaañnaaɓe naamndii yo o haalan ɗum en waɗɓe ɗee golle. O salii haalde. Wattan fof ko Gestapo (« polis » Almaañ nder Farayse) jaggi mo he 1943, o fayraa Dummbirdu Mauthausen to Autriche ñalnde 18 Settaambar 1943. Ɗoon o maayi ñalnde 4 Suliyee 1944.

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