Njulaagu (teret) ɓaleeɓe : Teret hirnaange (4)

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Teret jiyaaɓe feewde Amerik fuɗɗii ko ñalnde 22 saawiyee 1510, nde laamɗo biyeteeɗo Ferdinande yamiri neldugol to Hispaniola fotde 50 jiyaaɗo ngam gollaade e oogirɗe. Ɓeen potnoo wonde ko « suɓtaaɓe to bannge kattanɗe e semmbe waawnooɓe dañeede ». Ɗuum firti ko ɓaleeɓe o joopinoo, sibu Iñnjee en mbaawaano kañum en muñde leepte e caɗeele oorgirɗe (haa teeŋti e ñawu came). E hitaande 1 510 ko 25 000 tan keddinoo ɗoon e Hispaniola.

Seeɗa seeɗa, jiyaaɓe ɓaleeɓe ngoni e hoɗde e leyɗeele kese njiimaandi Españool en. Ɗuum waɗiri ko daawe daawe, e nder sirlu, yantude e jajajtaali keewɗi. Nii woni, e hitaande 1501, dekere gooto ƴettaa, karminoowo taccingol jiyaaɓe jibinaaɓe nder Espaañ feewde Inndo, noon ne kadi wonande yahuud en, walla safalɓe kam e naatɓe e diine kerecee ko ɓooyaani (masihiyeeɓe hesɓe, woni reftiiɓe diine Annabi Iisaa. Ɗoo noon ɗum toɗɗii ko yahuud en wontuɓe masihiyeeɓe). Kono huune e julaaɓe e mawɓe laaɗe (kapiteenuuji) keɓii yamiroore heeriinde taccinde jiyaaɓe ɓaleeɓe seeɗa, feewde Inndo.

Hispaniola ina wiyee kadi Saint-Domingue walla Haiti. Ko duunde Karaybe ɓurnde heewde yimɓe e nder duuɗe Antiiy (25 miliyoŋ e 2015) e 76 000 km2 wertallo (ɗimmere to bannge njaajeendi caggal duunde Kubaa). Nde feccii ko hakkunde leyɗe ɗiɗi : huunde e mayre jeyaa ko e Hayiti, huunde e mayre jeyaa ko e Rippoobilik Dominikeejo.

Haa e 1550 ko ɓuri heewde e kaptif en afrikeeɓe (kaptif : lasli helmere ndee ko nanngaaɗo, kono nde firata ɗoo ko dahaaɗo, jiyɗinaaɗo) nawetenoo ko to duungel iberiyeewel (Espaañ e Portigaal), e Madera (nddukon sara Portigaal) e Sao Tome e Principe. Tuggi 1550 noon, sokla Amerik e jiyaaɓe ɓeydii mawnude. Ɓe keewnoo waɗteede toon ko awooɓe, jippinooɓe/jolnooɓe kaake (e laaɗe e ko ɓuri heewde) ; heen sahaaji ko ɓe waylooɓe, sehooɓe, sañooɓe walla jiyaaɓe galle. Rewɓe ɓee keewnoo wonde ko horɓe galle ekn… Ɓe ɓurnoo heewde halfineede ko golle ɓurɗe haaɓnaade ɗee.

Nde gese gawƴe suukara mbaɗti remeede toon, sokla e jiyaaɓe ɓeydii mawnude no feewi. Purtugeec en ina njoginoo Iñnjee en, kono dominikenaaɓe kaɗti jiyɗingol Iñnjee en. Yanti heen ñabbuuli ndogu reedu e maɓɓo mboomiino ko heewi e Iñnjee en wonnooɓe to Beresil e nder kitaale 1560. Yanti heen kadi, joom en gese en ɓee mbeltanooki e golle Iñnjee en, yanti heen ɓe mbaawaano muñde leepte e ñabbuuli. Ɗee geɗe kala ine njeyaa e ko addani paggagol jiyaaɓe ummoriiɓe to Konngo e Anngolaa ɓeydaade. E hitaande 1570 yimɓe Beresil fof ko 3 000 neɗɗo so heewii, kono e hitaande 1600, ɓe njettiima 15 000 fittaandu. Nguurndam jiyaaɓe ɓee ina saɗtunoo haa ɗoon waawi haaɗde, ko ɗuum tagi ɓe keewaano wuurde ɗoon ko ina ɓura duuɓi 10, ko ɗuum waɗi kadi alaa e sago woɗɓe kadi njokka e addeede. Ko ɓuri heewde e suukara Orop ummortonoo ko Beresil.

E nder nayaɓal gadanal teeminannde 17re (duuɓi 25) jiyaaɓe ummoriiɓe Afrik njettiima 200 000 neɗɗo, tawi heen 100 000 nawaa ko to Beresil, fotde 75 000 to Amerik njiimaandi Españool en, 12 500 to Sao-Tome e capanɗe seeɗa faade Orop.

Kono ɗumɗoo fof ko e meerorɗe tan wonnoo, sibu haa ɗoo, ko ina wona teeminanɗe keewɗe, ko ɓurnoo heewde e afrikanaaɓe jiyɗinaaɓe keewnoo naweede ko to leyɗe aarabeeɓe, ɗo ɓe mbaɗtetenoo jiyaaɓe galle. Lappol toon ngol ko juutngol, keewngol fere. Remooɓe suukara españoolnaaɓe to Wenuselaa e Portugeec en to Beresil coodii jiyaaɓe ko goonga, kono ina hakindii nde tawnoo jolngo ngoo ina hitti, tee pawnaari mum heewaani.

Kono geɗe ɗee kala mbaylii ko nde njulaagu tatiiwu fuɗɗii ñiiɓde e hitaande 1674, nde faraysenaaɓe e engele en naati dingiral, mbaɗti fooɗondirde e holanndee en jolngo e taccingol jiyaaɓe ummoraade e tufɗe Afrik feewde leyɗe Amerik haa teeŋti noon feewde duuɗe ɗiɗi mawɗe biyeteeɗe Jamayke e Sen Domennge (Saint-Domingue) e feewde nduukon taton mbiyeteekon Martinik, Gadelup, e Barbad.

Bookara Aamadu Bah

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